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Cross flow turbines from manufacturers in developed couties are expensive for poor ecionomies and import costs are often to high to develop micro/Mini hydro sites. As early as 1975 the cross flow turbine was promoted by developing agencies as a easy to built turbine which can be built locally by a simple workshop. 

many different designes have been built and often failed for same reasons. Nevertheless many workshops and technicians and engineers accumularted experiences and moved up on a learning curve. Simple turbines have proven to rotate and fullfill the purpose, however often they did not have a long live time, did not produce the output required. Often investment costs can not be hugh and low cost design make projects possible. Actually frequent repairs may be not a problam as long as skilled technicians or local manufacturers can do it. 

Cross flow technology transfer................

in the year 1919 Prof. Banki wrote an article on the cft physics which is still valid today.